
Constructive alignment is a concept developed by John Biggs and used by many in the assessment construction process. How this is applied in the GSM and the rest of the Business School is that learning outcomes are closely linked to the course prescription. Only the course prescription that is published in the University Calendar appears on the DCO( digital course outline). The DCO shows the alignment between the prescription, the LOs and the assessment. New courses are accredited in the CUAP process through the course prescription. Course leads may wish to change LOs in their course and this is allowed as long as the alignment still remains. Here is a link to the ILT page that explains how to write an appropriate learning outcome. In particular there are a number of words that are difficult to assess and these are best avoided. Click here to download ILT's guide to writing effective Los.

]	This video from Griffith University outlines the concept of constructive alignment according to John Biggs (1996).
	Here is a link to a paper which expresses the key ideas from the book by Biggs and Tang. The paper is called "Constructive alignment in university teaching" and was published in HERDSA.
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Biggs, J. Enhancing teaching through constructive alignment. High Educ 32, 347–364 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00138871